Although historically significant, the murder of strangers is relatively rare in most modern societies. In the majority of homicides, there is some form of relationship prior to the event – family, acquaintances, associates, or lovers. One is the social relationship between killer and victim.
#Mass politics definition serial
Several fundamental characteristics distinguish serial and mass murder from conventional single murder. Genocide prevention involves developing a sensitivity to genocidal “preparations” and improving our understanding of the myriad social structures that reproduce mass violence.Įlliott Leyton, in Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, & Conflict (Second Edition), 2008 Multiple and Single Murder Compared Recent work has explored its spatial emergence and organization, ideological roots and identity politics, political economy, memorialization, and subsequent tribunals and commissions. Genocides are not sudden moments of bloodshed but are planned and organized during an “incubation” period that may span decades. At its source are utopian notions of territory and population-concepts that motivate material and discursive processes of identity construction, discrimination, and dehumanization. As a social process, genocide has complex and diverse roots. The brutality and magnitude of such violence challenges our understanding of human nature and forces us to confront our persistent capacity for cruelty. Stian Rice, in International Encyclopedia of Human Geography (Second Edition), 2020 AbstractĪs a form of political mass murder, genocide claimed from 80 to 250 million lives in the 20th Century. That is, the mass killing event produces a reaction that is focused on a past event. Mass killings tend not to generate high levels of public fear and anxiety in the aftermath of the event because once the killing event is over no further threat from the offender exists. Fox and Levin (1998) discuss the effect of such social constructions of reality as these relate to public concern over the killings. Media reports illustrate the passionate community reactions to mass killings in eliciting a call for new legislation and enhanced police protection as well as a dearth of editorials in which various forms of community action are suggested. Aside from familicide, another important statistic is that the mass murderer targets individuals who are known such as current or ex-in-laws and workplace coworkers and supervisors. Although events in which large numbers of individuals are killed capture the attention of the news media, the modal form of mass murder involves familicide in which the head of household, usually the male, kills the wife and children within their residence. The term mass murder was apparently used for the first time in 1982 by the New York Times to classify the killing of three to four (depending on the definition employed) or more individuals and the wounding of others in one location at approximately the same time. government SHR data base as well as the New York Times, a total of 649 mass murders committed in the United States were identified by this same analyst. In a ground-breaking study, from 1900 to 1975 a total of 260 mass murders involving at least four victims were reported in the New York Times. During most of the twentieth century, mass murder involved the reporting of death under a number of different categories, including shootings, murder, attempted murder, bombs and bombing, fires, plots, the use of aircraft, and arson (even this category is suspect because of the problem of differentiating mass murder from the notion of arson for profit). Additionally, mass murder is confined to a singular location such as a school or place of employment, thus differentiating mass murder from single and multiple murders that occur across time and space.Īlthough the exact number of mass murders may never become known, our understanding of this problem should be placed within an historical and social context. The central idea is that a mass murder takes place within a brief period of time, often within a few hours. Mass murder is defined to occur when at least three or four murders are committed at approximately the same time and within the same spatial area. Jenkot, in International Encyclopedia of Public Health, 2008 Mass Murder Defined
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